Literary letters and letter-prayersx

Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about Apillaša Letter from Šulgi to Aradĝu about Apillaša Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about irrigation work Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the country Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about Aba-indasa's missing troops Letter from Šulgi to Aradĝu about Aba-indasa's letter Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the fortress Igi-ḫursaĝa Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Šulgi about the advance of the enemy Letter from Šulgi to Puzur-Šulgi about the fortress Igi-ḫursaĝa Letter from Šulgi to Puzur-Šulgi about waterways Letter from Ur-DUN to Šulgi about Apillaša Letter from Aradĝu (?) to Šulgi about bandits and Apillaša Letter from Šulgi (?) to Aradĝu about troops Letter from Šulgi to Išbi-Erra about the purchase of grain Letter from Šarrum-bni to Šu-Suen about keeping the Martu at bay Letter from Šu-Suen to Šarrum-bni about digging a trench Letter from Išbi-Erra to Ibbi-Suen about the purchase of grain
Letter from Ibbi-Suen to Išbi-Erra about his bad conduct Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Ibbi-Suen about Išbi-Erra's claim on Isin Letter from Ibbi-Suen to Puzur-Šulgi hoping for Išbi-Erra's downfall Letter from Aba-indasa to Šulgi about his neglect Letter from Sn-illat to Iddin-Dagan about confronting the Martu Letter from Iddin-Dagan to Sn-illat about the troops Letter from Nanna-ki-aĝ to Lipit-Eštar about Gungunum's troops Letter from Lipit-Eštar to Nanna-ki-aĝ about driving away the enemy Letter from Sn-iddinam to the god Utu Letter from Ur-saga to a king fearing the loss of his father's household Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to a king radiant as the moon Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to a king radiant as the sun Letter from Ur-Enlila to a governor and temple administrator Letter from a governor and temple administrator to a king Letter from Aba-taḫ-lugalĝa to his brothers Letter from Ugubi to his mother Letter from Šamaš-b to Ilak-niid Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to Enlil-massu
Letter from Inanaka to the goddess Nintinuga Letter from Inim-Inana to Enlil-massu Letter from Inim-Inana to Lugal-ibila Letter from Gudea to his personal deity Letter from the scribe Nanna-manšum to the goddess Ninisina Letter from X to the god Nanna Letter from Inim-Enlila to a king Letter from Kug-Nanna to the god Ninšubur

Ancient literary cataloguesx

Ur III catalogue from Nibru (N1) Ur III catalogue at Yale (Y1) OB catalogue from Nibru (N2) OB catalogue in the Louvre (L) OB catalogue from Urim (U1) OB catalogue from Urim (U2) OB catalogue from Urim (U3) OB catalogue from Nibru (N3) OB catalogue possibly from Zimbir (B1) OB catalogue from Nibru (N4) OB catalogue at Andrews University (B4) OB catalogue at Yale (Y2) OB catalogue from Nibru (N6)

Narrative and mythological compositionsx

Enki and Ninḫursaĝa Enki and Ninmaḫ Enki and the world order Enki's journey to Nibru Enlil and Ninlil Enlil and Sud Inana and Enki Inana and Ebiḫ Inana and Šu-kale-tuda Inana and Gudam Inana and An Dumuzid and Ĝeštin-ana Dumuzid and his sisters Inana's descent to the nether world Dumuzid's dream Inana and Bilulu: an ulila to Inana
Nanna-Suen's journey to Nibru Ninurta's return to Nibru: a šir-gida to Ninurta Ninurta's exploits: a šir-sud (?) to Ninurta Ninurta and the turtle The marriage of Martu Ninĝišzida's journey to the nether world The Flood story How grain came to Sumer The šumunda grass Pabilsaĝ's journey to Nibru Gilgameš and Aga Gilgameš and the bull of heaven The death of Gilgameš Gilgameš, Enkidu and the nether world Gilgameš and Ḫuwawa (Version B) Gilgameš and Ḫuwawa (Version A) Lugalbanda in the mountain cave Lugalbanda and the Anzud bird Enmerkar and the lord of Aratta Enmerkar and En-suḫgir-ana

Compositions with a historical background & Royal praise poetryx

The Sumerian king list The rulers of Lagaš The history of the Tummal Sargon and Ur-Zababa The cursing of Agade The victory of Utu-ḫeĝal The building of Ninĝirsu's temple (Gudea, cylinders A and B) The lament for Urim The lament for Sumer and Urim The lament for Nibru The lament for Unug The lament for Eridug An adab to Bau for Luma (Luma A) A tigi to Bau for Gudea (Gudea A) The death of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma A) A tigi to Enlil for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma B)
A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma C) Ur-Namma the canal-digger (Ur-Namma D) A šir-namšub (?) to Nanna for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma E) A šir-namšub to Nanna for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma F) A balbale to Enlil for Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma G) A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma H) A praise poem of Ur-Namma (Ur-Namma I) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi A) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi B) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi C) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi D) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi E) An adab to Enlil for Šulgi (Šulgi G) A tigi (?) for Šulgi (Šulgi L) A lullaby for a son of Šulgi (Šulgi N) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi O) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi P) An adab (?) to Utu for Šulgi (Šulgi Q)
Šulgi and Ninlil's barge: a tigi (?) to Ninlil (Šulgi R) A tigi to Ninurta for Šulgi (Šulgi T) An adab (?) to Nergal for Šulgi (?) (Šulgi U) A dedication of a statue (Šulgi V) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi W) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi X) A praise poem of Šulgi (Šulgi Y) A love song of Šulgi (Šulgi Z) A song of Šulgi A praise poem of Šulgi Amar-Suena and Enki's temple (Amar-Suena A) A balbale to Bau for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen A) A balbale to Inana for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen B) A balbale to Inana for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen C) A tigi (?) to Ninurta for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen D) An adab to An for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen E) An adab (?) to Suen for Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen F) A praise poem of Šu-Suen (Šu-Suen I)
A hymn for Šu-Suen A tigi to Suen for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen A) A šir-namgala to Mešlamta-ea and Lugal-era for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen B) An adab to Suen for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen C) An ululumama to Suen for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen D) A hymn to Suen for Ibbi-Suen (Ibbi-Suen E) Išbi-Erra and Kindattu (Išbi-Erra B) A tigi to Nanaya for Išbi-Erra (Išbi-Erra C) A hymn to Ninisina for Išbi-Erra (Išbi-Erra D) An adab to Nergal for Šu-ilšu (Šu-ilšu A) An adab for Šu-ilšu (Šu-ilšu C) A šir-namursaĝa to Ninsiana for Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan A) A praise poem of Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan B) An adab to Ningublaga for Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan C) A šir-namerima (?) for Iddin-Dagan (Iddin-Dagan D) A praise poem of Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan A + V) An adab to Bau for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan B)
A hymn to Nibru and Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan C) An adab (?) to Enki for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan D) A balbale to Enki for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan E) An adab to Enlil for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan H) Išme-Dagan and Enlil's chariot: a tigi to Enlil (Išme-Dagan I) A love song of Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan J) A hymn to Inana for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan K) An adab to Nanna for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan M) A tigi (?) to Ninurta for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan O) An adab (?) to Ninurta for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan P) An adab (?) to Nuska for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan Q) A dedication of a statue (Išme-Dagan S) An adab to Dagan (?) for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan U) A hymn to Nibru and Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan W) A hymn to Enki (?) for Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan X) A praise poem of Išme-Dagan (Išme-Dagan AA)
A hymn to Ninurta for Išme-Dagan A hymn to Inana for Išme-Dagan A hymn to Enki for Išme-Dagan A praise poem of Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar A) A praise poem of Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar B) An adab to An for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar C) An adab to Ninurta for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar D) A šir-namgala to Ninisina for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar E) An ua-di to Inana for Lipit-Eštar (Lipit-Eštar H) A šir-namgala (?) to Inana for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta A) A tigi to Enki for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta B) An adab to Ninurta for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta C) An adab to Inana for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta D) An adab to An for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta E) An adab (?) to Iškur for Ur-Ninurta (Ur-Ninurta F) An adab to Ninurta for Br-Suen (Br-Suen A) An adab to Enlil for Br-Suen (Br-Suen B)
A praise poem of Enlil-bni (Enlil-bni A) An adab to Nanna for Gungunum (Gungunum A) A hymn to Nanna for Gungunum (Gungunum B) A praise poem of Sn-iddinam (Sn-iddinam A) Sn-iddinam and Iškur (Sn-iddinam E) A hymn to Numušda for Sn-iqšam (Sn-iqšam A) A prayer to Enlil for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn A) A hymn to Ḫaia for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn B) A prayer to An for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn C) A prayer to Nanna for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn D) A prayer to Nanna for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn E) A prayer to Nanna for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn F) A prayer to Nanna for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn G) An adab to Inana for Rm-Sn (Rm-Sn H) An excerpt from a prayer for Rm-Sn A praise poem of Anam (Anam A) A praise poem of Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi A)
A prayer to Enki for Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi B) A praise poem of Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi C) A prayer to Asarluḫi for Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi D) A prayer for Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi E) A prayer to Inana for Ḫammu-rbi (Ḫammu-rbi F) Samsu-iluna and Inana (Samsu-iluna A) A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna B) A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna C) A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna D) A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna E) A hymn to Enlil for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna F) A prayer for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna G) A hymn to Enlil for Samsu-iluna (Samsu-iluna H) A hymn to Marduk for Ab-Ešuḫ (Ab-Ešuḫ A) A praise poem of Ab-Ešuḫ (Ab-Ešuḫ B) A hymn to Marduk for a king A fragment of a royal praise poem A fragment of a royal praise poem An excerpt from a royal praise poem (?)

Literary letters and letter-prayersx

Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about Apillaša Letter from Šulgi to Aradĝu about Apillaša Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about irrigation work Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the country Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about Aba-indasa's missing troops Letter from Šulgi to Aradĝu about Aba-indasa's letter Letter from Aradĝu to Šulgi about the fortress Igi-ḫursaĝa Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Šulgi about the advance of the enemy Letter from Šulgi to Puzur-Šulgi about the fortress Igi-ḫursaĝa Letter from Šulgi to Puzur-Šulgi about waterways Letter from Ur-DUN to Šulgi about Apillaša Letter from Aradĝu (?) to Šulgi about bandits and Apillaša Letter from Šulgi (?) to Aradĝu about troops Letter from Šulgi to Išbi-Erra about the purchase of grain Letter from Šarrum-bni to Šu-Suen about keeping the Martu at bay Letter from Šu-Suen to Šarrum-bni about digging a trench Letter from Išbi-Erra to Ibbi-Suen about the purchase of grain
Letter from Ibbi-Suen to Išbi-Erra about his bad conduct Letter from Puzur-Šulgi to Ibbi-Suen about Išbi-Erra's claim on Isin Letter from Ibbi-Suen to Puzur-Šulgi hoping for Išbi-Erra's downfall Letter from Aba-indasa to Šulgi about his neglect Letter from Sn-illat to Iddin-Dagan about confronting the Martu Letter from Iddin-Dagan to Sn-illat about the troops Letter from Nanna-ki-aĝ to Lipit-Eštar about Gungunum's troops Letter from Lipit-Eštar to Nanna-ki-aĝ about driving away the enemy Letter from Sn-iddinam to the god Utu Letter from Ur-saga to a king fearing the loss of his father's household Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to a king radiant as the moon Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to a king radiant as the sun Letter from Ur-Enlila to a governor and temple administrator Letter from a governor and temple administrator to a king Letter from Aba-taḫ-lugalĝa to his brothers Letter from Ugubi to his mother Letter from Šamaš-b to Ilak-niid Letter from Lugal-nesaĝe to Enlil-massu
Letter from Inanaka to the goddess Nintinuga Letter from Inim-Inana to Enlil-massu Letter from Inim-Inana to Lugal-ibila Letter from Gudea to his personal deity Letter from the scribe Nanna-manšum to the goddess Ninisina Letter from X to the god Nanna Letter from Inim-Enlila to a king Letter from Kug-Nanna to the god Ninšubur

Hymns and cult songsx

A hymn to Asarluḫi (Asarluḫi A) A hymn to Bau's beneficent protective goddess (Bau A) A šir-šag-ḫula to Damgalnuna (Damgalnuna A) Enlil in the E-kur (Enlil A) A hymn to Ḫendursaĝa (Ḫendursaĝa A) A balbale to Inana (Inana A) The exaltation of Inana (Inana B) A hymn to Inana (Inana C) A hymn to Inana as Ninegala (Inana D) A tigi to Inana (Inana E) A balbale (?) to Inana (Inana F) A šir-namšub to Inana (Inana G) A balbale to Inana as Nanaya (Inana H) A šir-namšub to Inana (Inana I) A hymn to Inana A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana A) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana B) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana C)
A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana D) The song of the lettuce: a balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana E) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana F) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana G) A tigi to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana H) A kunĝar to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana I) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana J) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana L) A šir-namšub to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana M) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana O) A balbale (?) to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana P) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana R) A kunĝar to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana T) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana V) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana W) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana Y) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana Z)
A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana B1) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana C1) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana D1) A balbale to Inana (Dumuzid-Inana E1) A song of Inana and Dumuzid (Dumuzid-Inana F1) Dumuzid and Enkimdu A balbale to Inana A šir-gida to Martu (Martu A) A hymn to Martu (Martu B) A balbale to Suen (Nanna A) A balbale to Nanna (Nanna B) A balbale to Nanna (Nanna C) A balbale to Nanna (Nanna D) A hymn to Nanna (Nanna E) The herds of Nanna (Nanna F) A hymn to Nanna (Nanna G) An adab to Nanna (Nanna H) A tigi to Suen (Nanna I)
An ululumama to Nanna (Nanna J) A šir-namšub to Suen (Nanna K) A šir-namgala to Nanna (Nanna L) A hymn to Nanna (Nanna M) A hymn to Nanna (Nanna N) A hymn to Nanna (Nanna O) A hymn to Nanna A fragment of a hymn to Nanna An excerpt from a hymn to Nanna A fragment of a hymn to Nanna A hymn to Nanše (Nanše A) A balbale to Nanše (Nanše B) Nanše and the birds (Nanše C) A hymn to Nergal (Nergal B) A tigi to Nergal (Nergal C) A hymn to Nisaba (Nisaba A) A šir-namšub to Nisaba (Nisaba B) A balbale to Ninazu (Ninazu A)
A balbale to Ninĝišzida (Ninĝišzida A) A balbale to Ninĝišzida (Ninĝišzida B) A hymn to Ninĝišzida (Ninĝišzida C) A balbale (?) to Ninĝišzida (Ninĝišzida D) A hymn to Ninimma (Ninimma A) A šir-gida to Ninisina (Ninisina A) A šir-namšub to Ninisina (Ninisina B) Ninisina's journey to Nibru: a šir-namšub to Ninisina (Ninisina C) A hymn to Ninisina (Ninisina D) An adab to Ninisina (Ninisina E) Ninisina and the gods (Ninisina F) A hymn to Ninkasi (Ninkasi A) An adab to Ninlil (Ninlil A) A šir-gida (?) to Ninšubur (Ninšubur A) A hymn to Ninšubur (Ninšubur B) A tigi to Nintur (Nintur A) A šir-gida to Ninurta (Ninurta A) Ninurta's journey to Eridug: a šir-gida to Ninurta (Ninurta B)
A hymn to Ninurta (Ninurta C) A tigi to Ninurta (Ninurta D) A balbale to Ninurta (Ninurta F) A šir-namšub to Ninurta (Ninurta G) A hymn to Ninurta A hymn to Nungal (Nungal A) A šir-gida to Nuska (Nuska A) A šir-gida to Nuska (Nuska B) A balbale to Šara (Šara A) A hymn to Šul-pa-e (Šul-pa-e A) A hymn to Utu (Utu B) A šir-namšub to Utu (Utu E) A šir-namšub to Utu (Utu F) A hymn to Sadarnuna (Sadarnuna A) A hymn to Kusu (Kusu A) The temple hymns The Keš temple hymn A hymn to the E-kur

Other literaturex

The advice of a supervisor to a younger scribe (E-dub-ba-a C) A man and his god The poem of early rulers The debate between Hoe and Plough The debate between Grain and Sheep The debate between Winter and Summer The debate between Bird and Fish The debate between Copper and Silver The debate between Date Palm and Tamarisk A diatribe against Engar-dug (Diatribe B) He is a good seed of a dog (Diatribe C) The message of Lu-diĝira to his mother An elegy on the death of Nannaya An elegy on the death of Nawirtum The song of the hoe The song of the ploughing oxen: an ululumama to Ninurta A drinking song
The instructions of Šuruppag The farmer's instructions The three ox-drivers from Adab Enlil and Nam-zid-tara A dog for Nintinuga An axe for Nergal Public announcement of the loss of a seal The home of the fish The heron and the turtle

Proverb collectionsx

Proverbs: collection 1 Proverbs: collection 2 + 6 Proverbs: collection 3 Proverbs: collection 4 Proverbs: collection 5 Proverbs: collection 7 Proverbs: collection 8 Proverbs: collection 9 Proverbs: collection 10 Proverbs: collection 11 Proverbs: collection 12 Proverbs: collection 13 Proverbs: collection 14 Proverbs: collection 15 Proverbs: collection 16 Proverbs: collection 17 Proverbs: collection 18 Proverbs: collection 19
Proverbs: collection 21 Proverbs: collection 22 Proverbs: collection 23 Proverbs: collection 24 Proverbs: collection 25 Proverbs: collection 26 Proverbs: collection 27 Proverbs: collection 28 Proverbs: from Nibru Proverbs: from Susa Proverbs: from Urim Proverbs: from Unug Proverbs: of unknown provenance
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Letter from Gudea to his personal deity -- a composite transliteration
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Table of Contents

Literary letters and letter-prayers Ancient literary catalogues Narrative and mythological compositions Compositions with a historical background & Royal praise poetry Literary letters and letter-prayers Hymns and cult songs Other literature Proverb collections
1 - dijir-já ù-na-dug4
2 - gù-dé-a arad-zu na-ab-bé-a
3 - udu-gin7 sipad gen6-na nu-tuku
4 - na-gada gen6-na nu-mu-un-túm-túm-mu
5 - dam-gàrà saj dù-dù nu-zu bal-cè mu-X-ak
6 - ance-gin7 ùsàn hul-jál-la hul-jál-la bí-in-X
7 - saj ì-tuku inim nu-um-me igi tuku igi mu--un-X
8 - níj ak-a-ju10 igi a-rá 7-e nu-un-DU X X
9 - zag-ba a-rá 7-e nu-mu-un-da-pàd-X-X
10 - dijir-ju10 lú kúr di nu-me-en cag4-zu ki-bi ha-ma-ab-gi4-gi4
1-2 - Speak to my god: this is what Gudea, your servant, says:
3-4 - I am like a sheep who has no reliable shepherd; there is no reliable herdsman to lead me on.
5-6 - An unintelligent merchant transported me (?) for trading purposes. With a vicious whip he me cruelly like a donkey.
7-9 - I am noble (?) but do not utter a word, being vigilantly (?) . Seven times has not my accomplishments. Seven times my god (?) has not been able to find out about their extent.
10 - My god, I am not one to be hostile. May you show sympathy towards me once again.
dijir noun deity
dug4 verb to say
gú3-dé-ágù-dè2-à noun Gudea
arad noun slave
dug4 verb to say
udu noun sheep
sipad noun shepherd
gen6 verb to be firm
tuku verb to have
na-gada noun herdsman
gen6 verb to be firm
de6 verb to carry
dàm-gàrà noun merchant
saj noun head
dù verb to erect
zu verb to know
bal verb to turn over
ak verb to do
ance noun donkey
ùsàn noun whip
húl-jál adj evil
húl-jál adj evil
XX
saj noun head
tuku verb to have
inim noun word
dug4 verb to say
igi noun eye
tuku verb to have
igi noun eye
XX
níj noun thing
ak verb to do
igi noun eye
á-rá noun times
7 numeral 7
DU verb DU
XX
XX
zag noun side
á-rá noun times
7 numeral 7
pàd verb to find
dijir noun deity
lú noun person
kúr verb to be different
dug4 verb to say
me verb to be
cag4 noun heart
ki noun place
gi4 verb to return